Just as the Islamic civilization was compiled and developed on the two bases of philosophy and jurisprudence, in the field of politics, the bases of political reasoning of Muslims can be drawn in the two parts of political philosophy and political jurisprudence, although the role of policies as texts that explain and outline the current political situation of the society have paid, it cannot be neglected. This article tries to throw a new perspective on the epistemology and methodology of one of the two main currents of Muslim political reasoning by reviewing some classic views.The main point of view of this article is that the discourse of Shia political jurisprudence is a dual combination of the theological views of Sheikh Mufid and the principles of Seyyed Morteza, especially Morteza's emphasis on reason as one of the foundations of Shia jurisprudence has important and significant results in the field of political theory. Therefore, the present article by emphasizing the theological-epistemological foundations of political knowledge and jurisprudential-methodological foundations along with an objective analysis tries to open some discursive elements of Shia political jurisprudence such as "the issue of legitimacy" and "the two-faceted reinterpretation of authority".
Machine summary:
Shafi'i believes that judgment should be based on analogy, and with this logic he rejects both Abu Hanifah's (Ahl al-Ra'i) and Maliki's (Ahl al-Hadith) istsalah; Because the analogy is not a complete opinion, but it must be a text from the book or the Sunnah so that it can be used for rational reasoning and ijtihad, or in other words, to establish an agreement between the original (the text) and the sub-text (the matter on which the verdict is to be issued). Ijtihad/analogy is an intellectual mechanism that relates one side (text or words) to the other side (reality or rulings) and for this reason the discussion of the principles of jurisprudence starts from the lexical premises and the topic of words, thus Shafi'i is the founder of jurisprudential rationality It seeks to find the root for each branchSheikh Mufid explains one of the epistemic foundations of Shia political knowledge by placing this debate in his intellectual system; Because in his opinion, absence is inevitable for the continuation of Imamate and Sharia government, and therefore, in one of his discussions, he points to the serious investigation of Bani Abbasi to find the absent Imam and the interruption of Imamate: It is not a secret from anyone what the trusted person did after the Imam's death. Hassan Asgari (a.s.) from imprisoning the maidservants of the Imam and investigating which of them were pregnant, because the Imami clan had agreed that the leader of the family of Muhammad would be the son of Imam Hassan Asgari, and he believed that he would be victorious. He will kill him and kill him, and he will destroy the greed of the Imami tribe.