Political Islam in Iran, which emerged in the 1920s and within the ideological conflicts that dominated the second Pahlavi era, belongs to those Islamic movements that seek to establish an Islamic state. Supporters of this discourse, emphasizing the non-separation of religion from politics, seek a society whose laws originate from Islamic principles, because they believe that Islam is higher than theories based on human reason and has a comprehensive theory about society and politics. The present study aims to comprehensively understand the obvious and hidden aspects of the emergence of this discourse and, using Skinner's intentional hermeneutic method, seeks to answer the question of what practical and ideological context political Islam was born in Iran? The findings of the study show that the ideological context of this discourse was shaped by the Brotherhood and jurisprudence texts on the one hand, and its practical context was shaped by the Constitutional Revolution and the anti-religious policies of the Pahlavi government on the other.