Ideology is one of the pillars of political mobilization leading to revolution. For a long time, what has been the focus of revolutionary theories has been intellectual conditions. In classical theories, including Marxism's class theory, Durkheim's cultural theory, partial political realism theory, Weber's charisma theory and Dutoqueville's psychological theory, the intellectual conditions of the revolution are respectively: class consciousness in the form of ideology, anomie, ideological thirst for emotional stimulation, mass deception, emotional devotion to charismatic leaders and finally to the growing expectations of the masses.Therefore, in such theories, ideology has a significant function and role in the emergence of revolutionary situations and how revolutionary mobilization occurs. The function and position of ideology in psychological, sociological, political theories as well as new theories of revolution - which can be investigated on two levels, micro and macro - has been placed in the first degree of importance. This research is a perspective on this issue and it is an exploration in understanding the concept of ideology and determining its functions and place in the theories of revolution. It should be mentioned that the first part of the article titled "Ideology, its concept and functions" will be published in this issue and the second part titled "Role and place of ideology in revolutionary theories" will be published in the next issue.
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"For example, Theda Scotchpel - who, with a structuralist view, conducted an in-depth study on the revolutions of France, Russia and China and presented the result in the book Governments and Social Revolution (1979) and for a decade, under the scientific circles with his theory made an impact - in an article he wrote after the Iranian revolution, he admits: This important revolution led me to deepen my understanding of the possible role of belief systems and cultural understandings in shaping political actions (1982). In other approaches, the culture of psychological readings is presented in which perceptual and cognitive changes are considered necessary to use the opportunities provided by the conditions.And finally, in another theory, culture and ideology have been considered as a subject of conflict without being considered a purely political program (Samti Zamin 77 Sh. 1: 455). In this article, the same concept of ideology is used, that is, we consider it more or less as a consistent set of social, political and economic values ​​as well as beliefs that can motivate people to act, which makes ideas related to social relations. To be used to maintain or change the status quo. In other words, from this point of view, ideology includes the following numerous elementsA set of social, personal and spiritual values; Systematic criticism of existing social arrangements; - The outline of the ideal society in which the mentioned values ​​are fertilized; - Practical plans to move from the existing situation to an ideal and desirable situation.