The first part of the article titled "Ideology, its concept and functions" was published in the previous issue, now in the second part, while conceptualizing the revolution and referring to its various definitions, we consider the revolution to require political mobilization with all its accessories, then to outline the new theories of the revolution. In the form of psychological, sociological and political approaches, we deal with both micro and macro levels, and besides explaining the major theories in each approach, we deal with the separation, role, function and place of ideology in each of the views. The theoretical achievement of this article is the acceptance of the important influence of ideology and its significant role in the emergence of revolutionary situations and how political mobilization occurs in revolutionary theories.
Machine summary:
The theoretical achievement of this article is the acceptance of the important influence of ideology and its significant role in the emergence of revolutionary situations and how political mobilization occurs in revolutionary theories. P. Sociological theories of revolution and the role of ideology Sociological theories place great emphasis on the social system, social institutions, stratifications and social classes and search for the factors that cause revolutions in the dynamics of social relations between members of society, and among them, economic, political and cultural explanatory variables They also benefit.Taylor has shown the relationship of variables and results in different cases of Scotchpole theory in the following table: the case of domestic agriculture of the government and the international class of farmers, the result of the existence of a surplus to cover the costs of modernization of the type of agricultural system, the bureaucratic dimension of the landlord class with political power, the pressures of the competitive potential of the military, the revolutionary potential of the farmers Germany 1848 Yes Transitional Yes Yes Mild Low Prussian Social Revolution 14-6-18 Yes Yes Yes Yes Strong Low Modernist Revolution English Civil War Yes Yes No Yes Mild Low Political Revolution Meiji Reform Japan Yes Pre-Capitalism Yes No Strong Low French Modernist Revolution No Pre-capitalist Yes Yes Medium High Chinese Social Revolution No Pre-capitalist Yes Yes Strong High Russian Social Revolution No Pre-capitalist Yes No Strong High Social Revolution (Figure 7): Scotchpel's analysis of revolutions [Taylor: 1978: 42] After reviewing these three theories to We will examine the role of ideology in each of them.